ABSTRACT
This article discusses the significance of root canal disinfectants and comments on how these can be used professionally. The complex root canal system is inhabited with different microbes in periapical periodontitis. There is no particular disinfectant that alone satisfactorily fulfills the entire functions essential for irrigation. Best possible irrigation is found on the combined use of two or more disinfectant, in a particular sequence. Sodium hypochlorite is the most commonly recommended endodontic irrigant, in spite of some adverse reactions. Chlorhexidine, Iodine and Chelators are successful against several bacteria and viruses, mainly in retreatment cases. Newer root canal irrigants like MTAD [Mixture of Tetracycline, Acid and Detergent], Tetraclean, Photo-activated disinfection, Electronically Activated Water, Ozonated water and lasers have potential to maximize root canal disinfection. Currently these newer irrigants could be used as an adjunct to NaOCl, while investigators are continuously looking for the subtle ideal root canal irrigant